Comparison of removal-based methods for estimating abundance of five species of prairie songbirds

نویسندگان

  • Jessie D. Golding
  • Victoria J. Dreitz
چکیده

Estimating species abundance is important for land managers, especially for monitoring conservation efforts. The two main survey methods for estimating avian abundance are point counts and transects. Previous comparisons of these two methods have either been limited to a single species or have not included detection probability. During the 2012 breeding season, we compared and assessed the efficiency (precision for amount of effort) of point count time of detection (PCTD) and dependent double-observer transect (TRMO) methods based on detection probabilities and abundance estimates of five species of songbirds that use a range of habitats in a prairie system in Montana dominated by sagebrush and grassland vegetation. Our focal species included Vesper Sparrows (Pooecetes gramineus), a generalist species found in both shrub and grassland habitat, shrub-obligate Brewer’s Sparrows (Spizella breweri), and McCown’s Longspurs (Rhynchophanes mccownii), Horned Larks (Eremophila alpestris), and Western Meadowlarks (Sturnella neglecta), three species of grassland obligates that prefer different grass heights. Detection probabilities were significantly higher for TRMO surveys, with less variation for all five species and differences most pronounced for Brewer’s Sparrows and Horned Larks. PCTD surveys required less field effort (~8–20 fewer people minutes per plot) than TRMO surveys because the TRMO surveys required two people. However, time spent on TRMO surveys provided between 0.38 and 87 times more precision per people minute than PCTD surveys. Our results suggest that TRMO surveys provide a more efficient (measured as time spent per unit of standard error) field-based technique in sagebrush prairie systems for the species we investigated, resulting in more precise detection and abundance estimates. RESUMEN. Comparaci on de m etodos basados en la remoci on para estimar la abundancia de cinco especies de paseriformes de pradera Estimar la abundancia de las especies es importante para los administradores de tierras, especialmente para monitorear los esfuerzos de conservaci on. Los dos m etodos principales de censo para estimar abundancia de aves son puntos de conteo y transectos. Comparaciones previas de estos dos m etodos han sido limitadas a una sola especie o no han incluido la probabilidad de detecci on. Durante la temporada reproductiva del 2012, comparamos y determinamos la eficiencia de m etodos (precisi on por unidad de esfuerzo) de tiempo de detecci on en el punto de conteo (PCTD) y transectos dependientes en doble observador (TRMO) basado en probabilidades de detecci on y los estimados de abundancia de cinco especies de aves paseriformes que usan un rango de h abitats en el sistema de praderas en Montana, dominados por artemisa y pastizales. Nuestras especies focales incluyeron Pooecetes gramineus, una especie generalista encontrada en ambos h abitats, un especialista de matorral Spizella breweri, y Rynchophanes mccownii, Eremophila apestris y Sturnella neglecta, tres especies obligatorias de pastizales que prefieren diferentes alturas de los pastos. Las probabilidades de detecci on fueron significativamente mayores en censos utilizando TRMO, con menor variaci on en las cinco especies y las diferencias m as pronunciadas fueron en Spizella breweri y Eremophila alpestris. Monitoreos utilizando PTCD requirieron menor esfuerzo en el campo (~8–20 personas minuto menos por parcela) que monitoreos con TRMO porque el monitoreo con TRMO requiere dos personas. Sin embargo, el tiempo utilizado en monitoreos con TRMO fue m as preciso entre 0.38 y 87 veces por persona minuto que monitoreos con PCTD. Nuestros resultados sugieren que monitoreos con TRMO proveen una t ecnica de campo m as eficiente en sistemas de praderas de artemisa para las especies investigadas, resultando en estimados de detecci on y abundancia m as precisos.

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تاریخ انتشار 2016